- Project scope
- The defined boundaries of a project — what work is included and what is explicitly excluded.
- Milestone
- A significant checkpoint in a project schedule that marks the completion of a major phase or deliverable.
- Deliverable
- A tangible output the project must produce, such as a report, system, process, or physical asset.
- RACI matrix
- A responsibility chart that maps tasks to who is Responsible, Accountable, Consulted, and Informed.
- Scope creep
- The gradual expansion of project scope beyond what was originally agreed, usually without corresponding increases in time or budget.
- Risk register
- A log of identified project risks, their likelihood, impact rating, owner, and planned response.
- Change control
- The formal process by which any proposed change to scope, schedule, or budget is reviewed and approved before being implemented.
- Baseline
- The approved version of the project plan — scope, schedule, and budget — against which actual performance is measured.
- Stakeholder
- Any individual or group that has an interest in the project's outcome or is affected by its execution.
- Lessons learned
- A structured review conducted at project closure that captures what went well, what went wrong, and what the team would do differently.
- Critical path
- The longest sequence of dependent tasks in the project schedule; any delay on the critical path delays the entire project.
- Project sponsor
- The senior individual who authorizes and champions the project, approves the budget, and resolves issues beyond the project manager's authority.