- Security Interest
- A legal right granted by a debtor to a creditor over the debtor's property, giving the creditor priority claim over that asset if the debtor defaults.
- Charge
- A form of security interest registered against a property or asset, entitling the chargeholder to enforce sale or take possession in the event of non-payment.
- Encumbrance
- Any claim, lien, mortgage, charge, or liability attached to a property or asset that limits the owner's ability to transfer it freely.
- Floating Charge
- A security interest over a class of changing assets — such as inventory or receivables — that crystallises into a fixed charge upon the occurrence of a specified trigger event.
- Fixed Charge
- A security interest attached to a specific, identified asset that prevents the owner from disposing of it without the lender's consent.
- Discharge
- The formal release of a registered security interest, charge, or lien, confirming the underlying obligation has been satisfied and the creditor's claim is extinguished.
- UCC Financing Statement
- A public notice filed under the US Uniform Commercial Code to perfect a secured party's interest in a debtor's personal property collateral.
- Title Search
- An examination of public records to identify all registered interests, charges, liens, and encumbrances affecting a property or asset.
- Effective Date
- The specific date on which the confirmation is stated to be accurate, beyond which the bank accepts no responsibility for subsequent changes in its position.
- Authorised Signatory
- An individual with documented authority to sign binding documents on behalf of a bank or corporate entity, typically evidenced by a board resolution or mandate.
- Due Diligence
- The process of investigating a business, asset, or transaction to verify material facts — including the absence of undisclosed liabilities or security interests — before committing to a deal.