- Quotation
- A formal offer from a supplier stating the price, quantity, and conditions under which goods or services will be provided, valid for a specified period.
- Validity Period
- The window of time during which the supplier's quoted price and terms remain firm and can be accepted by the buyer without renegotiation.
- RFQ (Request for Quotation)
- A formal buyer document inviting one or more suppliers to submit a price and terms for a defined set of goods or services.
- Pre-contractual Negotiation
- The exchange of letters, quotes, and inquiries that occurs before a binding contract is formed — important because representations made here can affect contract interpretation.
- Purchase Order
- A buyer-issued commercial document that formally authorizes a supplier to deliver specified goods or services at an agreed price, creating a binding contract upon supplier acceptance.
- Force Majeure
- A contractual provision excusing a party from performance when extraordinary events beyond their control — war, natural disaster, pandemic — make performance impossible.
- Lead Time
- The period between placing an order and receiving delivery, which suppliers typically specify as part of their quotation.
- Incoterms
- International commercial terms published by the ICC that define the responsibilities of buyers and sellers for the delivery of goods, risk transfer, and cost allocation — commonly referenced in supplier quotations.
- Unit Price
- The cost per single item or unit of measure quoted by the supplier, which may vary depending on volume tiers or applicable discounts.
- Scope of Supply
- A clear description of exactly what the supplier's quotation covers — specific goods, quantities, services, packaging, and any exclusions.