- Termination for Cause
- Dismissal based on specific, documented employee misconduct, fraud, gross negligence, or serious policy violation — typically carrying no severance entitlement.
- Termination Without Cause
- Separation initiated by the employer for reasons unrelated to employee misconduct, such as restructuring or role elimination, which typically triggers notice or severance obligations.
- Constructive Dismissal
- A situation in which an employer unilaterally changes working conditions so significantly that the employee is effectively forced to resign, treated legally as an employer-initiated termination.
- Final Pay
- All wages, accrued vacation, and other earned compensation owed to the employee at the time of separation, required to be paid within deadlines set by applicable employment law.
- Severance Pay
- Compensation provided to a departing employee beyond final wages, either as a contractual obligation or as consideration for signing a release of claims.
- COBRA / Benefits Continuation
- In the US, COBRA allows terminated employees to continue employer-sponsored health coverage at their own cost for up to 18 months; equivalent continuation rules apply in Canada and the UK.
- Release of Claims
- A contractual waiver in which the employee agrees not to pursue legal action against the employer in exchange for severance or other consideration.
- Notice Period
- The minimum time an employer must give before a termination takes effect, set by contract or by statute in the applicable jurisdiction.
- Garden Leave
- A notice period during which the employee remains on payroll but is required to stay away from work, clients, and company systems to protect business interests.
- At-Will Employment
- An employment arrangement — common in most US states — that allows either party to end the relationship at any time for any lawful reason without advance notice.
- Wrongful Dismissal
- A claim by a former employee that the termination violated a contractual obligation, statutory right, or anti-discrimination law, often resulting in a demand for damages or reinstatement.