- Protected Characteristic
- An attribute β such as race, gender, age, religion, disability, or sexual orientation β that anti-discrimination laws prohibit employers from using as a basis for adverse employment decisions.
- DEI
- Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion β a framework that addresses representation (diversity), fairness in access and outcomes (equity), and belonging for all employees (inclusion).
- Equal Opportunity Employer (EOE)
- An employer that commits not to discriminate against applicants or employees based on any protected characteristic in any employment decision.
- Unconscious Bias
- A prejudice or preference that operates below conscious awareness and can influence hiring, promotion, and evaluation decisions without the decision-maker realizing it.
- Reasonable Accommodation
- A modification to a job, work environment, or standard practice that enables an employee with a disability or religious need to perform their role without causing undue hardship to the employer.
- Adverse Action
- Any employment decision that negatively affects an employee β termination, demotion, pay reduction, or assignment change β when taken for discriminatory reasons.
- Affirmative Action
- Proactive steps an organization takes to increase the representation of underrepresented groups in hiring, promotion, and retention β required by law for certain federal contractors in the US.
- Pay Equity
- The principle that employees performing substantially similar work receive comparable compensation regardless of gender, race, or other protected characteristics.
- Intersectionality
- The concept that individuals may hold multiple identities simultaneously β e.g., a person who is both a woman and a person of color β and that these overlapping identities can compound barriers or disadvantages.
- Retaliation
- Any adverse employment action taken against an employee because they filed a discrimination complaint, participated in an investigation, or exercised a protected right.