- Weighted Scoring
- A method of rating options by multiplying each criterion's raw score by its assigned weight, so more important factors contribute proportionally more to the final total.
- Approved Supplier List (ASL)
- A maintained register of vendors that have passed a formal evaluation and are cleared for use in purchasing decisions.
- SLA (Service Level Agreement)
- A documented commitment from a vendor on measurable performance targets such as delivery lead time, defect rate, or response time.
- On-Time Delivery Rate
- The percentage of purchase orders a vendor fulfills by the confirmed delivery date, typically measured over a rolling 90-day or 12-month period.
- Total Cost of Ownership (TCO)
- The full cost of working with a vendor, including unit price, shipping, quality failures, returns, and administrative overhead β not just the quoted price.
- Non-Conformance
- A product or service delivered by a vendor that fails to meet the agreed specification, triggering a rejection, return, or corrective action request.
- Corrective Action Request (CAR)
- A formal document issued to a supplier requesting an explanation of a quality or delivery failure and a plan to prevent recurrence.
- Single-Source Risk
- The supply chain vulnerability that arises when only one vendor supplies a critical input, leaving the buyer exposed if that vendor fails to deliver.
- Lead Time
- The elapsed time between placing a purchase order and receiving the goods or services, including production, processing, and transit time.
- Compliance Certification
- A vendor-held credential β such as ISO 9001, SOC 2, or industry-specific accreditation β that independently verifies adherence to quality or security standards.